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This new publciation serves as a reliable source of royalty rate data for those involved in transfer pricing planning, analysis and compliance.

MORE THAN 500 TRANSACTIONS INVOLVING OVER 750 COMPANIES

Royalty Rates for Technology 4th Edition reports all available compensation terms for the license agreements reviewed including :

• Fixed royalty rates

• Per unit royalties

• Scaled royalty rates

• License fees

For each reported transaction you are provided with:

• A description of the licensed technology

• Compensation terms including royalty rates and license fees

• Identity of the licensor and licensee

• For many deals a dicussion of the markets for and benefits of the licensed technology

• Royalty Rate Data providing the technology-pricing terms from real deals in twenty three industries.
• Industry Insights from the experts at Navigant Consulting, Inc. for the industries most active in licensing.
• Royalty Rate Derivation Models,showing different methods for calculating appropriate royalty rates for specific instances.
• Royalty Audit advice to assure compliance with license agreements and the accurate collection of royalty payments.

Real Deal Royalty Rates
This fourth edition of Royalty Rates for Technology contains more information about technology pricing than in any other publication. This report represents almost two decades of research. Included in these pages you will find information about technology royalty rates, license fees and milestone payments. Also reported is information about infringement damage awards and settlements. All of the information in this report is provided to show different types of value indications for various technologies in different industries.

The information in this report has been collected from reliable sources since September 1990 through July 2008 and is considered to represent a comprehensive collection of technology pricing information. The newest data in this edition has been obtained from the research efforts of experts at Navigant Consulting. All of the information in this report is categorized by the following industries:

Industries
Aeronautics & Defense Agriculture Automotive Chemicals Communications Computer Hardware Computer Software Construction	Electrical & Energy Electronics Entertainment Financial Food Franchises Glass Household Products Internet	Mechanical Medical Photography Semiconductors Sports Steel Toys Waste Recycling

Calculating Royalty Rates
Royalty Rate Derivation Models are included in this edition and illustrate the theory associated with quantifying royalty rates for patented technology. It is not always possible to find comparable royalty rates for a technology being licensed or valued. In such cases royalty rates may need to be derived from calculations. This new chapter was written by Russell L. Parr of IPRA, Inc. and Michael F. Maloney of Navigant Consulting. Their new chapter provides a comprehensive discussion of intellectual property value along with showing you the most credible methods for calculating royalty rates. Examples are included.

Navigant Consulting Industry Insights
Industry Insights are provided for selected industries that are most active in licensing. Included in this new edition are industry overviews for Communications, Computer Hardware, Computer Software, Medical Devices, and Semiconductors. These overviews provide easy to understand information on featured industries and their mega-trends so that the reader can better interpret the more granular information regarding licensing deals contained in the book. We wish to thank the following experts at Navigant Consulting, Inc. for sharing their industry insights: Michael F. Maloney, CPA – Director; Gregory E. Smith, CPA – Director; Michele M. Riley, CPA – Principal; Rodney J. Bosco – Principal; and Kiran P. Sequiera, MBA, P.E. – Senior Managing Consultant.

Royalty Rate Chart
The chart below summaries royalty rates across all the industries covered in this book. The royalty rates are grouped by rate, as a percent of sales, and graphed by the frequency of their appearance. Excluded from this graph are instances where royalty rates are specified on a per unit basis. Generally royalty rates range between 1% and 40% of sales but the vast majority of royalty rates are 15% of sales or less

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License Fees Chart
In 20% of the license deals we discovered, compensation to the licensor also includes an up-front license fee. Sometimes these fees are meant to cover the licensor’s costs for transferring the patents and technical know-how to the licensee. But, sometimes these fees are substantial. The pie chart below shows a distribution of up-front license fees.

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This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information about the subject matter covered. All of the information in this report has been obtained from reputable and reliable sources and is therefore believed to be accurate. The publisher accepts no responsibility for any damages that any party may experience from relying on the information presented therein.

About the Author
Mr. Parr is President of Intellectual Property Research Associates. IPRA, Inc. He has been determining the value of intellectual property for over 20 years. Mr. Parr's books about intellectual property value and management are published in Japanese, Korean, Italian, Chinese, Russian,and English.

He is dedicated to the development of comprehensive methods for accurately defining the value of intellectual property. Mr. Parr's opinions are used to accomplish licensing transactions, mergers, acquisitions, transfer pricing, and joint ventures. In addition to consulting to multinational corporations, individuals and universities, Mr. Parr provides expert testimony regarding intellectual property infringement damages.